• Ethics, Morality, Religion, Dharma and Justice: Relevance in Modern Times

    Introduction Human civilization has advanced remarkably in science, technology, economy, and governance. Yet one fundamental question remains as important as ever: How should human beings live? This question has occupied philosophers, saints, lawgivers, and thinkers across civilizations. Concepts such as ethics, morality, religion, dharma, and justice emerged as guiding principles to regulate human life, preserve…

  • Justice (Nyāya) in Indian Philosophy: Meaning, Origin, and Relevance

    1. What is Justice? Is it synonymous with Nyāya? The English term Justice generally refers to fairness, equality, and adherence to law. The Sanskrit-Hindi term Nyāya (न्याय), however, carries a far deeper philosophical meaning. Nyāya is not merely legal justice—it signifies: Thus:Justice ≈ Nyāya (in legal sense)But Nyāya is broader—it is the science of reasoning…